What knitting machine is best for adult socks?

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Q:I’m not crafty and not interested in learning to hand knit. Im an adult but beginner. No craft knowledge. I want to make socks for my family. so what knitting machine is best for adult socks?

A:Any adults knitting machine will knit the fabric for socks. The small machines for children would not have sufficient needles. To knit circular socks without a seam you would need a knitting machine with a ribber or a double bed machine. Buying a knitting machine just for socks would make the socks very expensive indeed.

Not really a reasonable idea – you’d need a circular knitting machine, possibly different sizes for different size yarns or socks. Good antique ones cost a few hundred dollars, if you can find them. Few new ones are being made, and antique ones are hard to find and of course, refurbish and keep running (and also in demand by collectors). It takes about an hour to make a sock on an antique sock machine: Zhenlihua circular knitting machine factory is situated in Xinglin Industrial Zone, Jimei District of Xiamen, which is the first industrial park approved by the State of Council for Taiwanese businessmen doing business in mainland. In the industrial park, there are a large number of Taiwanese enterprises with advanced machine-building industrial technology and strong technical forces in processing techniques, among which, Zhenlihua knitting machine machine is the remarkable one.

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Textile Fiber Introduction

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Definition
Fiber is inartificial or synthetic filament. Textile fiber is the fiber which is the raw material of cloth.

Characteristics of textile fiber
Textile fiber has good physical characteristics including length, fineness, elasticity, brute force, etc. It also has good chemical stability. For example cotton, feather, silk, hemp and other natural fibers are ideal textile fibers.

Category of textile fiber
Textile fiber is classified into natural fiber and chemical fiber.

Natural fiber contains vegetable fiber, animal fiber and mineral fiber.
Vegetable fiber: cotton, hemp, fruit fiber, etc.
Animal fiber: wool, rabbit hair, silk, etc.
Mineral fiber: asbestos.

Chemical fiber includes regenerated fiber, synthetic fiber and inorganic fiber.
Regenerated fiber: viscose fiber, cellulose acetate fiber.
Synthetic fiber: nylon, polyester, acrylic, spandex, vinylon, polypropylene, etc.
Inorganic fiber: fiberglass, metal fiber, etc.

Textile performance of common textile fiber
Wool: Wool has good absorption of moisture and elasticity. It is suitable for acidic dyes and metal binding dyes.
Silk: Silk has good absorption of moisture, breathability and high glossiness. It is suitable for acidic dyes.
Cotton: Cotton has good breathability, absorption of moisture. It is suitable for basic dyes, sulfide dyes and reactive dyes.
Viscose fiber: Viscose fiber has good breathability, absorption of moisture, various colors, low cost. The properties of viscose fiber are similar to natural fiber. It is suitable for dyes.
Polyester: Polyester has good wearing resistance. It is suitable for disperse dyes, diazonium disperse dyes. Polyester can dissolve in vat dyes.
Nylon: Nylon has good wearing resistance and bad breathability. It is suitable for acetic dyes and disperse dyes.
Polyacrylonitrile fiber: Polyacrylonitrile fiber is suitable for disperse dyes and cationic dyes.

How to distinguish fibers
The ways to distinguish fibers include feelings, visualization, combustion, microscope, dissolution, drug coloring and infrared spectroscopy.

Distinguishing procedures:
Uses combustion to distinguish natural fiber and chemical fiber.
If it is natural fiber, using microscope can distinguish vegetable fibers and animal fibers. If it is chemical fiber, distinguish it by combining with its melting point, proportion, refractive index and solubility.
When distinguishing mixed fiber and mixed yarn, use microscope to confirm various fibers. Then use other methods to distinguish in further.
For colored fibers, dyes should be peeled in advance to guarantee reliability.

Classification of Textiles (Ⅱ)

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Jacquard: Jacquard is a kind of textile whose surface has decorative patterns. Jacquard is made of cotton, cotton yarn or yarn. Those decorative patterns distribute on the surface of jacquard. The types of textiles are scattered or arranged. Jacquard can be used to be made from shirts or decorative clothes, after having been bleached or dyed or finished.

Khaki twill: Khaki twill is a kind of twills, having high tightness. Khaki originated from Urdu which widely utilized in South Asian subcontinent, meaning dirt. Initially, protective coloration of military is dyed into the color similar to dirt by a kind of mineral eyes called as khaki. For that, the name of mineral eye is used to nominate the twill. Khaki twill has tight texture, clear textured fabric and wearing resistance. Khaki twill has various categories. Based on structure, khaki twill can be classified into single khaki, double khaki, herringbone khaki and satin weave khaki. Frontage of single khaki has clear textured grain. Single khaki can be dyed into dark blue, variamine blue, gray. It can be made from clothes, panties and labor suit. Double khaki has tight textured fabric, smooth surface and wearing resistance. Dyed double can be used for labor suit. Mottled double khaki can be made from coats. Double khaki is made from clothes, jacket and raincoat after soft shrink proofing and water proofing.

Denim: Denim is also called as jean. Denim is raw materials for labor suit and jeans. It is a kind of damask made of coarse yarn. Denim can be dyed into navy blue. Floating point is on frontage. Denim has the advantages of tight texture and wearing resistance. Denim has elasticity and soft fell after being processed. Besides labor suit, denim is raw materials for jeans and casual dress.

Washer wrinkle fabric: Washer wrinkle fabric is developed for popularization of washing clothes. Washer is dyed and finished. The textile is processed to show style like having been washed. So the textile is named as washer wrinkle fabric. Washer wrinkle fabric has the characteristics of soft feel, stable size. Washer wrinkle fabric is made from coat, shirt, one-piece dress and pajamas.

Velvet: Velvet is made of warp or weft. Short and smooth naps exist on the surface of velvet. The advantages of velvet include tight textile, smooth surface, soft feelings, excellent heat retention and wearing resistance. Velvet has two categories: velveteen being napped of warp and weft velvet being napped of weft. Velveteen having long naps is commonly used for cushion in train, shell fabric of sofa and curtain. Weft velvet is used as raw materials for clothes and decorative clothes.

Corduroy: Corduroy is a kind of textiles whose surface present wick fine hair. Corduroy has characteristics of plum fine hair, wearing resistance and good heat retention. Corduroy is initiated in Lyons, France, 1750. Based on yarns, corduroy can be classified into whole yarn corduroy and semi yarn corduroy. Based on materials, corduroy can be classified into purified cotton corduroy, cotton corduroy. Corduroy has wide usage. It is used as raw materials for clothes, dress, jeans, children’s garments, shoes, hats, home decoration, etc. Corduroy can not be rubbed with hot water. Otherwise it can also not be ironed after being ironed, in case of molting and trichiasis.

Mexico Announced New Labeling Rules for Textiles

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Mexico government enforced new law of the label for textiles and clothing. The new law is applied for garments, garment accessaries, textiles and home textile products whose textile ingredients accounting for more than 50% of the whole weight. Many products are not restrained by the rules, such as fabric-made toys, suit, furniture, badges, flags, zippers, buttons, buckles, gloves, cosmetic bags etc.

The label rules are very detailed and contain a series of requirement and exception. In general, garments and garment accessaries must carry permanent, clear labels on the collar, waist or other obvious parts. The labels must list brand name, fiber content, size, maintenance instructions, original country information etc in Spanish.

For individual should indicate the name and address of manufacturer or importer. For legal entity should indicate the name and address of manufacturer or import company. This information must be included in the permanent labels, temporary tag or on product packaging. For hosiery, headband and bracelets, the above information can be included in a permanent or temporary labels on the product itself, or on the package.

Home textiles labels must also include the above information, except that using dimensions instead of Sizes. The following products must be labeled with permanent labels containing this information: sheets, blankets, bed sheet, bedspread, table cloth, eat mat, napkin, finished curtains, towels, mattresses and mattress with textile materials. Except bedspreads and blankets, the sizes, manufacturers and importers information must be listed on temporary labels.

For handbags, luggage boxes, wallets, suitcases, backpacks, umbrellas, seat cover, cushion, cleaning supplies, diapers, oil painting canvas, daily necessities, bathroom furniture, some retail fabric and other various products, the name and address of manufacturer or importer must be labeled. For disposable items, this information can be displayed on the product packaging.

Classification of Textiles (Ⅰ)

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Fabric: Textile is generally called as fabric, having various categories. Based on materials, fabric can be classified into pure fabric (including cotton, feather, hemp, silk, artificial fiber and synthetic fiber), blend fabric and mixed fabric. Based on processing, fabric can be classified into primary colors fabric, bleached woven fabric, dyed fabric, printed fabric, etc. For usage, fabric can be classified into clothing fabric, decorative fabric, industrial fabric, etc.

Plain cloth: Plain weave fabric which has close warp and weft densities and equivalent roughness. Plain cloth has simple organization, compact stricture and smooth surface. Based on the roughness of yarn, plain cloth can be classified into classique, medium plain cloth and cossas. Based on materials, plain cloth can be classified into purified cotton, polyester cotton, acrylic cotton, lanca, rayon, polynosic, etc. Classique is also called as coarse cloth. The surface of coarse cloth is coarse. It has thick and solid feel. The material of classique is low grade cotton. Classique is classified into greige cloth and grey cloth. Greige cloth is mainly used as packing materials. Grey cloth can be made from shirts, trousers, beddings and vamp cloth after being bleached and dyed. It can also be processed into oilcloth, sail, etc. Medium plain cloth is called as plain cloth, having compact structure and smooth surface. Plain cloth can be classified into grew sheet and grey fabric. Grew sheet can be on sale directly for its natural color. It can be made from shirt, trousers, quit and lining cloth. It can also be used as industrial cloth. Grey fabric can be processed into bleached cotton, cotton print, colored cloth.

Poplin: The surface of poplin shows diamond particles constituted by warp. Warp density is higher than weft density. Poplin has light weight, compact structure, clear pellets, smooth surface, slippery feel. Poplin has various categories. Based on structure of yarn, poplin can be classified into poplinette, half line poplin and the whole line poplin. Based on spinning techniques, poplin can be classified into carded poplin, semiworsted spinning poplin and whole worsted spinning poplin. Poplin is used to make from t-shirts, wind coat, rain coat and coat.

Cambric: Cambric has advantages of clear strip, thin and coll. Cambric is made of cotton tarn and various fibers. The common utilizes cambric is cotton or polyester fabric. For the structure of cambric, zonal washing shrinkage is larger than warp direction. So spare should be maintained when sewing clothes. Printed cambric is used as raw materials of jackets or dresses.

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Debugging of Double Circular Knitting Machine

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1.Upper dial and lower syringe adjustment

  • Loosen lower syringe and lifting ring on machine. Use dial gage to adjust concentricity of syringe to grail. Adjust and lock eccentric positioning wheel. Then, lock the screws.
  • Loosen all of connecting screws on feet and pot.
  • Put dial gage on the surface of upper dial. Gauge outfit points to external diameter of lower syringe. Adjust regulating screws on the feet to make reading of dial gage less than 0.05mm.
  • Lock connecting screws on pot. Reading of dial gage should be kept below 0.05mm.

2.Roughness of upper dial and lower syringe adjustment

  • Adjust the gap between upper gear of main transmission and gear on pot.
  • Put dial gauge on the lower syringe. Gauge outfit points to the surface of upper dial.
  • Start machine and observe reading on dial gauge. If reading is higher than 0.05mm, loosen connecting screws on pot. Turn 6 crack screws and put gasket under screws. Lock connecting screws.

3.Needles adjustment

  • Adjust four regulating screws on the gear of main transmission. Rotate gear on pot to an angle. Adjust upper dial and lower syringe to required position.

4. The height of upper dial adjustment

  • Loosen three fastening screws on upper dial. Rotate gear. Then dial will rise. Lock fastening screws after adjustment. Note: Dial cannot fall too low which may caused damage to needle. Before lowing dial, the height should be low than required height. Then push the dial back to required height in case of damage caused by falling needle when machine starting.

5. Time difference of triangle adjustment

  • Loosen three fastening screws on upper dial. Adjust two screws on the permanent seat of triangle. Then triangle on upper dial will rotate. Lock three fastening screws after adjusting.

6. Triangle adjustment

  • Uniform tension improves the quality of textile. Resetting the position of needles can acquire uniform tension.
  • Use tensioner to measure tension on every yarn.
  • Use hexagon spanner to turn calibrator on triangle
  • Inspect and adjust the tension on every yarn.

7. Needle point adjustment

  • Loosen connecting screws on triangle and lifting ring. Rotate crack screw to raise the whole lifting ring. Put equal gasket under every connecting screws. Then the needle point will rise.

Debugging of Single Circular Knitting Machine

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Triangle of sinker adjustment

  1. The concave position of sinker should be vertical to raising needle. A 0.5mm gas exits between concave position and needle.
  2. Dial-gauge is absorbed inside syringe. Gauge outfit points to the highest point of sinker.
  3. Loosen screw on triangle. Push the screw forward or backward which drive triangle forward or backward indirectly. Use dial-gauge to inspect the position of triangle. Then lock the screw.
  4. Make syringe rotate. Inspect the position of every triangle.

Sequence of triangle adjustment

  1. The sequence of triangle needs to be adjusted when changing yarn or knitting structure.
  2. Loosen all of the feet on upper case and connecting screws (six grains in total).
  3. Adjust upper case along with the rotating direction of machine, called as decelerating sequence adjustment. Conversely, it is called growing sequence adjustment.
  4. Adjust two adjusting screws on the feet of upper case.
  5. Lock connecting screws.
  6. Eccentric positioning wheel cannot be loosened during operation.

Triangle of needles adjustment

  1. Uniform tension improves the quality of textile. Resetting the position of needles can acquire uniform tension.
  2. Use tensioner to measure tension on every yarn.
  3. Use hexagon spanner to turn calibrator on triangle
  4. Inspect and adjust the tension on every yarn.

Gram weight adjustment

  1. Use hexagon spanner to turn adjusting gear inside indicating ring so that triangle can rise or fall with lifting ring to adjust density of textile.

Structure of Circular Weft Knitting Machine

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Structure of circular weft knitting machine consists of frame, yarn mechanism, transmission gear, lubricating eliminating mechanism, electric control system, spooler and other accessories.

Frame
Frame of circular weft knitting machine consists of three feet and a round (or square) table. Three feet are fixed by gin. There three crutches on the table. Crutches have yarn holder. A safe door exits in the gap between three feet for steady and safety.

Characteristics:
Feet adopt build-in structure
All of electrical wiring and instruments are put inside the feet
Safe door is reliable
When safe door is opened, machine will stop operating automatically. Warning is also shown on operation panel in case of accident.

Yarn mechanism
Yarn mechanism contains yarn holder, storage device, feeding nozzle, feeding wheel, coil bracket, etc.
Yarn holder
Yarn holder is used to lay yarn. It is classified into umbrella yarn holder and landing yarn hold. Umbrella has small cover. But it cannot connect to spare yarn. It is suitable for limited space. Landing yarn holder has triangle yarn holder and wall yarn holder. Triangle yarn holder is convenient for utilizing. Wall yarn holder can be arranged beautifully. But it has large cover.

Storage device
Storage device is used to store yarn.

Feeding nozzle
Feeding nozzle is used to transmit yarn to needle directly. It has different shapes, including single feeding nozzle and double feeding nozzle.

Feeding wheel
Feeding wheel is used to regulate the number of yarn.

Requirements for yarn mechanism
Yarn mechanism should guarantee uniformity and continuity of tension in yarn. Ensure uniformity for the sizes and shape of coil in textile so that can produce beautiful textile.
Yarn mechanism should ensure reasonable tension in case of defects on the surface of textile.
Hook should be smooth without burrs in case of yarn broken.

Knitting mechanism
Knitting mechanism is the core of circular weft knitting machine, consisting of syringe, needle, triangle, triangulum, sinker (only exiting in single circular knitting machine), etc.

Syringe
Syringe is used to put needle.

2. Triangle
Triangle is used to control reciprocating motion of needles and sinker inside syringe

Sinker
Sinker only exists in single circular knitting machine, cooperating with needles.

Needle
Needle is discriminated based on the height of bell. Needle makes tarn into textile.

Triangulum
Triangulum is utilized to put triangle

Requirements for knitting mechanism
Needle track should be smooth without burrs
Knob used to regulate pressing depth on triangulum should be flexible enough.
Ensure the height of withdrawing and the depth of pressing to meet the requirements of techniques.

Spooler
Spooler is used to drag textile from knitting and wind textile in roll form. Spooler consists of spreading frame, transmission arm, regulate gear box.

Transmission mechanism
Transmission mechanism is continuously variable transmitting motor controlled by frequency transformer. The motor uses cone belt or synchronous belt to drive gears on capstan shaft. It drives syringe to knit.

Lubricating eliminating mechanism
Large numbers of flyings and dust may cause occlusion or damage to machine during knitting. Lubricating eliminating mechanism is used to eliminate dust and dredge oil way.

Electrical control system
Control panel of electrical control system is made up with microcomputer and highly integrated control circuit.
Frequency transformer is key components of motor. It can control output frequency to change the rotation rate of motor.

Accessories
When needle is broken, prober will send signal to control system. Then machine will stop after 0.5 seconds.

2014 South Africa Enacts New Policy for Textile Industry

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2014 year, The South African government recently proposed a three-year industrial policy to enhance the capacity and increase employment opportunities, as well as to improve the trade balance. These policies are accepted by local garment labor unions. The president of Southern African Clothing & Textile Workers’ Union (SACTWU) Andre Kriel said that South Africa can no longer continue to go the old way over the past 15 years, and there must be some new initiatives.

The Industrial Policy Action Plan (IPAP), which accounts for 3.6 billion rand, namely $467 million, was submitted by the Trade and Industry Minister in February. This plan aims to promote a few key industries, including garment, textile, footwear and leather.

In addition, this scheme puts emphasis on local procurement. If manufacturers can provide more employment opportunities, they will get low interest loans from government. The government also formulates strategic trade policy and tries to crack down on fake goods and clamp down on illegal smuggling import at the customs.

Andre Kriel said South Africa’s unemployment rate ranks highest in all developing countries despite the economic growth. The reason is that South Africa has the world’s most unequal social class differences. Besides, there are numerous factories closed, including textile, garment, footwear manufacturers etc. But he believes that the commitment of this industrial policy will help to solve these problems.

The industrial policy, which will last for three years, should be very care about resource allocation problem. At the same time, the government should provide a complete monetary policy measures to solve the problem of inflation and currency soaring sharply, which is far more important than creating job opportunities.

Polyester Interlock Knitting Fabric Greenish Yellow

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Polyester Knitting Fabric Manufacturer Zhenlihua supplies 75D72F Greenish Yellow Polyester Interlock Knitting Fabric for Lining, Garment, Home Textile, etc.

Key Specifications / Features:
Product: Polyester Interlock Knitting Fabric
Composition: 75D72F
Width: 70″
Weight:135g
Color: Greenish Yellow
Machine: interlock-rib
Usage: Lining, Garment, Home Textile, Suit, Underwear
Keywords: Interlock, Knitting Fabric, Interlock-Rib